The Great Migration in Serengeti: A Month-by-Month Guide to Nature’s Greatest Show

The Great Migration is one of the most spectacular wildlife events on Earth, attracting travelers from across the globe to witness millions of wildebeest, zebras, and gazelles’ journey across the Serengeti and Maasai Mara in search of greener pastures. This awe-inspiring movement, often referred to as “the greatest show on Earth,” is driven by the seasonal rains and the animals’ instinct to find fresh grazing lands. It is a year-round spectacle, with each month offering a unique and breathtaking experience.

If you’re planning a migration safari in Tanzania, understanding the movement of the herds throughout the year will help you choose the best time and location for your visit. Here’s a month-by-month guide to where you can find the Great Migration in the Serengeti.

JANUARY – FEBRUARY: THE CALVING SEASON (SOUTHERN SERENGETI)
At the start of the year, the herds settle in the nutrient-rich plains of the southern Serengeti, particularly around the Ndutu region and the northern part of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area. This is calving season, when over 500,000 wildebeest give birth in a short span of weeks, creating a breathtaking spectacle.

With thousands of vulnerable newborns, predators such as lions, cheetahs, and hyenas are never far behind, making this an excellent time for thrilling predator-prey interactions. The abundance of food attracts a wide variety of wildlife, making this one of the best times for photographers and safari enthusiasts to witness the raw beauty of nature.

MARCH – APRIL: THE GREEN SEASON (SOUTHERN TO CENTRAL SERENGETI)
As the long rains begin, the herds remain in the southern Serengeti but gradually start moving northwards towards the central Serengeti. This period, often called the “Green Season,” transforms the landscape into lush, verdant plains. While it’s the low season for tourism, it’s still a fantastic time to visit due to fewer crowds and incredible photographic opportunities.

Rain can make some roads muddy and challenging, but the wildlife remains abundant, and the lush scenery provides a stunning backdrop for game drives. With fewer vehicles around, visitors can enjoy a more intimate safari experience.

MAY – JUNE: THE RUTTING SEASON AND RIVER CROSSINGS BEGIN (CENTRAL TO WESTERN SERENGETI)
By May, the herds start moving in massive columns towards the central Serengeti, particularly around the Seronera Valley. This is the rutting season, where male wildebeest engage in dramatic battles to compete for mates. The sounds of clashing horns and grunting males echo across the plains.

As June approaches, the herds head towards the western Serengeti, reaching the Grumeti River. The first dramatic river crossings begin here, although they are not as famous as the later Mara River crossings. Crocodiles lurk beneath the waters, waiting for an opportunity to strike, creating an intense spectacle for lucky onlookers.

JULY – AUGUST: THE FAMOUS MARA RIVER CROSSINGS (NORTHERN SERENGETI)
This is the most iconic period of the Great Migration. By July, the herds have reached the northern Serengeti near the Mara River, preparing for the most dramatic and dangerous crossing of their journey. Thousands of wildebeest plunge into the crocodile-infested waters, risking their lives to reach the Maasai Mara in Kenya.

The crossings are unpredictable, with some days seeing thousands of animals crossing, while others may have none at all. Witnessing this chaotic, adrenaline-filled event is a once-in-a-lifetime experience.

By August, the majority of the herds have made their way into the Maasai Mara, though some still linger in northern Serengeti, providing excellent game-viewing opportunities on both sides of the border.

SEPTEMBER – OCTOBER: THE MARA PLAINS (KENYA AND NORTHERN SERENGETI)
During these months, the herds spread across the Maasai Mara, feasting on the rich grasslands. However, some groups remain in the northern Serengeti, offering excellent wildlife viewing without the crowds of the Maasai Mara.

As October progresses, the herds begin their return journey to the Serengeti, retracing their steps back towards Tanzania. The movement is more gradual, and smaller river crossings can still be seen as the herds navigate their way south.

NOVEMBER – DECEMBER: THE RETURN TO SERENGETI (CENTRAL TO SOUTHERN SERENGETI)
With the arrival of the short rains, the herds continue their migration southwards, moving through the central Serengeti. By December, they arrive back in the southern Serengeti and Ndutu plains, completing the Great Migration cycle.

This marks the beginning of another calving season, and the cycle starts again. The rains bring new life to the grasslands, and the endless movement of the herds ensures that the Serengeti remains a wildlife paradise all year round.

HOW TO PREPARE FOR A MIGRATION SAFARI IN TANZANIA
Planning a migration safari in Tanzania requires careful preparation to ensure the best experience. Here are some key factors to consider:

1. CHOOSE THE RIGHT TIME AND LOCATION
Decide what part of the migration you want to see and plan accordingly. For calving season, visit from January to March in the Ndutu area. For the dramatic river crossings, plan your trip between July and August in the northern Serengeti.

2. BOOK EARLY
The Great Migration attracts visitors from around the world, and lodges in prime locations get fully booked months in advance. To secure the best accommodations, book your safari at least 6–12 months in advance.

3. PACK SMARTLY
Bring lightweight, breathable clothing in neutral colors. Don’t forget a good pair of binoculars, a high-quality camera, sun protection, and insect repellent. If traveling during the rainy season, pack a waterproof jacket and sturdy shoes.

4. CHOOSE THE RIGHT SAFARI VEHICLE
A 4x4 safari vehicle with an experienced guide is essential for navigating the Serengeti’s varied terrain. Opt for a tour company with well-maintained vehicles and knowledgeable guides who understand the migration patterns.

5. CONSIDER A HOT AIR BALLOON SAFARI
For a breathtaking perspective, consider booking a hot air balloon safari over the Serengeti. Watching the migration from above at sunrise is an unforgettable experience.

The Great Migration is a wildlife phenomenon like no other, showcasing the incredible resilience and instincts of Africa’s most iconic species. Whether you visit during the calving season, the dramatic river crossings, or the quieter months when the herds are on the move, a migration safari in Tanzania is an experience you will never forget.

By planning your trip based on the migration’s movement and preparing accordingly, you’ll maximize your chances of witnessing this breathtaking event up close. So, pack your bags, grab your camera, and get ready for the adventure of a lifetime in the heart of the Serengeti!